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    Period of Revelation: This Surah was revealed during the period when persecution of the new converts to Islam had begun at Makkah.

    Major Issues, Divine Laws and Guidance:

    • The admonition for social welfare through the examples of prior nations.
    • What should be avoided to do real social welfare?
    • The Day of Judgement will be too late to heed the admonition.

    The theme of this Surah is to affirm the rewards and punishments in the Hereafter through swearing oaths by the dawn, the ten nights, the even and the odd, and the departing night. The disbelievers are told that these things are a symbol of the regularity that exists in the night and day, and after swearing oaths by these things a question is asked: “Even after witnessing this wise system established by Allah, do you still need any other evidence to show that it is not beyond the power of that Allah, Who has brought about this system, to establish the Hereafter?” Reasoning is given from man’s own history. The evil end of ‘Ad, Thamud and Pharaoh are cited as examples showing that when they transgressed and spread corruption in the land, Allah laid upon them the scourge of His chastisement. This is a proof of the fact that the system of this universe is not being run by deaf and blind forces, but by a Wise Ruler, the demand of Whose wisdom and justice is continuously visible in man’s own history.

    After this, an appraisal of human society is made criticizing the materialistic attitude of people; they overlook the morality of good and evil; they regard only the achievement of worldly wealth, rank and position or the absence of it, as the criterion of honor or disgrace; and have forgotten that neither riches are a reward nor poverty a punishment. Allah is testing man in both conditions to see what attitude he adopts when blessed with wealth and how he behaves when afflicted by poverty. This discourse is concluded with the assertion that accountability shall certainly be held and it will be held on the Day when the Divine Court will convene. At that time, the deniers of the Day of Judgement will regret, but their regrets will not save them from Allah’s punishment. As for the people who have accepted the truth, which the Qur’an and the Prophet has presented to the world, Allah will be pleased with them and they will be well pleased with the rewards that will be bestowed on them by Allah. They will be called upon to join the righteous and enter paradise.

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    وَالْفَجْرِ

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    وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ

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    وَالشَّفْعِ وَالْوَتْرِ

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    وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ

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    هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِّذِي حِجْرٍ

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    أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ

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    إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ

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    الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ

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    وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ

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